Parascandola discusses Russell and Burch’s development of the landmark 3Rs framework (i.e., replacement ... advocates in the 1960s to challenge unregulated and painful animal research methods, ...

also does not follow the spirit of the 3Rs in reducing the total number of animals used. When Sawyer discovered the situation, he correctly requested the breeding and research records. The ...

The ICR is strongly committed to the highest standards of animal welfare in all research studies, and has led the development of best practice in this area. We also support the principles of the 3Rs – ...

Research using animals can only be carried out where there is no practicable alternative and must be licenced by the Home Office. Alzheimer’s Society fully supports the principle of the 3Rs - the ...

Applications are now open for the International 3Rs Prize, an annual award which recognises research with the potential to ...