They weren’t just walls - they were a message: “Do NOT enter.” Discover how the Walls of Constantinople held back invaders for centuries, and why their engineering still impresses military ...

In a superb octavo volume, replete with valuable maps, plans, and illustrations, and bearing the title "Byzantine Constantinople," Alexander Van Millingen, Professor of History in Roberts College ...

Historians have chosen the year of the fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans, 1453, as a reference point to mark the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Modern Age. The capital of the ...

On May 29, 1453, the Ottoman army under Sultan Mehmet II broke through the walls of Constantinople, conquering the capital and last major holdout of the Byzantine Empire. In much of the world ...

Creation of the Walls Five different sets of walls have been built around the city of Constantinople, the most important of which was the last, built under the reign of Theodosius II, who came to ...

But if not for this turning point in the final attack on Constantinople -- -- the unlocked gate allowed the Turks to overcome the wall of Theodosius -- the Byzantine Empire may have withstood.