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That's a gauge symmetry: when a symmetry transformation can be separately carried out at different points in space. Gauge symmetries are sometimes called local symmetries since we can do them ...
Quantum gravity requires that any internal gauge symmetry (which implies conservation laws like electric charge, color charge, or weak isospin) is mathematically compact.
Without this critical gauge symmetry associated with electroweak symmetry breaking, existence wouldn't be possible, as we do not have stable, bound states made purely of massless particles.
When did physicists realize how important gauge symmetry was? All of this was discovered after the fact. Maxwell developed his equations of electromagnetism in the 1800s.
Symmetry is everywhere in our natural world. Just take a look at your hands, a butterfly, or a sunflower. It’s easy to pass off the idea of symmetry and symmetric structures as a simple quir… ...
Symmetry is central to our understanding and description of natural phenomena. ... our understanding of the forces of nature is based on a local symmetry known as gauge symmetry. However, ...
In quantum electrodynamics, the choice of gauge (i.e. specific mathematical formalism used to regulate degrees of freedom) can greatly influence the form of light-matter interactions.
Still, after following the complex trail of the mass-giving Higgs boson—from the concept of screening in solid state physics, through the noted 1964 paper by Peter Higgs linking screening to ...