India withdrew from a bilateral pact on water sharing, and both sides scaled back diplomatic missions and expelled each other’s citizens. Pakistan also threatened to walk out of other bilateral pacts, including the 1972 Simla Agreement that bound the neighbours to a ceasefire line in disputed Kashmir, known as the Line of Control (LoC).

NFU, or No First Use, is a nuclear policy in which a nuclear-armed country commits not to use nuclear weapons as a means of warfare unless first attacked by an adversary using nuclear weapons.