How did viruses evolve? Are they a streamlined form of something that existed long ago, or an ultimate culmination of smaller genetic elements joined together?

Our services for retroviruses include production of viral supernatant by transient transfection as well as assay for replication competent retrovirus. Retroviral vector-mediated gene transfer has been ...

We detected neither viral envelope nor replication-competent retroviruses in transduced CD34 + cells before infusion or in any samples obtained after transplantation. We have used both enzyme ...

HERVs, or human endogenous retroviruses, make up around 8% of the human genome, left behind as a result of infections that humanity’s primate ancestors suffered millions of years ago. They became part ...

Viral reverse transcriptase (RT) plays a critical role in replication (e.g., retroviruses, that reverse transcribe RNA templates into complementary DNA) and genome mutations (e.g., diversity ...

The complex retroviruses, such as HIV, encode additional trans-regulating factors or contain cis-regulating elements, thereby influencing the type and amount of transcribed RNA. The whole viral ...

Transposons, also known as jumping genes or mobile genetic elements, can replicate and reintegrate themselves into the genome, posing a threat to genomic integrity by inducing DNA rearrangements and ...