Here is a closer look at why old transistors and op-amps are still up and running after decades of their launch.

A friend recently sent me an email noting that the classic 2N3904 bipolar transistor was now 60 years old. Since its “birth” ...

Making a precision programmable current sink by floating the long-forgotten anode pin of the TL431 voltage regulator.

A transistor is a key component in electronics ... This makes it a latching device, ideal for alarm circuits. It will conduct a forward current (in the direction of the triangle – from the ...

Abstract: Exploiting the capabilities of multi-gated transistors is a promising strategy for adaptive and compensative analog circuits. Typically, reconfigurable transistors, which can be switched ...

You need devices with very low input thresholds to make these circuits operate at low voltages. Silicon bipolar transistors typically need around 600 mV at their input (V BE or base concerning emitter ...

The acoustic principles of normal and artificial speech production that were followed in arriving at the new design are presented, along with descriptions of the transistor circuit and its operating ...