ALTHOUGH Fauvel,1 in 1843, attributed the apical presystolic murmur to stenosis of the mitral valve, Duroziez's2 description — "ffout-tata-rou" — in 1862 has been considered as the classic ...

It is concluded that apical systolic murmurs are frequently associated with other cardiovascular findings, regardless of the intensity of the murmur, especially in patients over fifty.

The AS murmur is also well known to radiate to the cardiac apex on occasion, making it difficult to distinguish if mitral regurgitation is also present.

To determine if the apical murmur is indeed due to mitral regurgitation or radiation of the murmur of aortic stenosis, dynamic auscultation can be utilized.

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