Chemoautotrophy has been observed within Bacteria and Archaea, which are microbial organisms without a true nucleus. However, foraminifera are eukaryotes, meaning they have a well-defined nucleus, ...

This paper presents a new algorithm for the calibration of nearfield scanning microwave microscopes. By adopting techniques known from vector network analyzer calibration, a nearfield scanning ...

After the first observations of life under the microscope, it took two centuries of research before the 'cell theory', the idea that all living things are composed of cells or their products, was ...

In this paper, we show characterization of nanometer-length feature samples with low cost CMOS-MEMS based integrated Scanning Microwave Microscope (SMM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The ...