State-of-the-art perovskite–perovskite tandem solar cells incorporate a water-based poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) hole transport layer in its low bandgap subcell.

An InGaN/GaN superlattice (SL) with Mg-doped barriers was designed and inserted into the InGaN-based blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as a hole gathering layer (HGL) to promote hole injection into ...

Boundary layer control system (BLCS): distributed floor boundary layer suction Ground effect simulation system (GESS): 5.6 m x 1 m (18.5 ft x 3.3 ft) centre belt with independent wheel rollers and ...

The hole transport layer (HTL) plays a pivotal role in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Cross-linked hole transport materials exhibit excellent stability, but their low mobility becomes a critical issue ...

This work proposes a novel large mode area fiber with multi-layer holes of 2.0 μm based on electromagnetic field theory and finite element analysis. Modifying the structure parameters can reduce the ...