Our immune systems build as we grow and reach young adulthood. Exposure to various pathogens drives immune response and ...

B cells and T cells have different functions ... Altogether there are more than 250 of these cell surface antigens. Being able to identify CD markers can be especially important when you cannot ...

In 2021, research led by Ryan Flynn, MD, Ph.D., and his mentor, Nobel laureate Carolyn Bertozzi, Ph.D., opened a new chapter ...

Tolerogenic dendritic cells in the intestines are shown to reduce the immune responses caused by exposure to food proteins.

Immunotherapy functions to reactivate T cells and recognize the cancer. In this specific case, an immunotherapy designed to block surface marker interaction allows the T cell to find and target the ...

Proteins are the workhorses of the cell, involved in almost every aspect of structure and function ... the expression levels of genes and cell-surface proteins in individual cells.

normal blood stem cells have almost no NPM1 on their surface.” Because it’s a surface marker, NPM1 is easily detectable with simple methods, and could provide a way to monitor patients.