New technique preserves major nerves, blood vessels, and other critical structures in a hard-to-access area. In a ...

Introduction Whiplash injuries are common in society, but clinical interventions are inconclusive on the most effective treatment. Research and reviews have been completed with the goal of determining ...

Vector illustration of cervical vertebrae. Medical scheme with close-up skull and isolated C1 atlas, C2 axis, C3, C4, C5, C6 and C7 vertebra. Diagram of Intervertebral disc and anterior tubercle.

Normally, the lateral margins of C1 ring are within 2 mm of the articular masses of C2. The joint spaces between the atlas and axis should be symmetrical, as well as the articular masses of the axis.

The maximum strain in the vertebral column was predicted to occur in the upper cervical spine (C1–C2) and was 0.28% strain/degree of head rotation and 6.5% strain/1000 N of tensile load for flexion ...