More information: Saroj K. Rout et al, Amino acids catalyse RNA formation under ambient alkaline conditions, Nature Communications (2025). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60359-3.

Amino acids can catalyze RNA polymerization under mild, prebiotic conditions, increasing RNA formation by up to 100-fold through acid-base catalysis involving their amine groups.

What are the three types of RNA? Messenger RNA (mRNA) copies portions of genetic code, a process called transcription, and transports these copies to ribosomes, which are the cellular factories that ...

The DNA codons are identical to the RNA codons, except for the one base thymine (T), which replaces uracil (U) in the RNA codons. The DNA codons and the amino acids they represent are tabulated below: ...

To overcome the inherent challenge of translation termination interference caused by stop codon reprogramming in mammalian ...

Sugar: In DNA, the sugar is deoxyribose, while in RNA, it is ribose.The sugar forms the backbone of the nucleic acid strand. Phosphate Group: The phosphate group is attached to the sugar and helps ...

These lab-made molecules can bind to genes more strongly than DNA and RNA do, ... But unlike DNA, their backbones are made from amino acids rather than sugar phosphates.

Accurate measurement of DNA or RNA concentration and purity is fundamental for many downstream processes, including transfection, electroporation, cloning, PCR and NGS. 1, 2 Without proper ...

The proteins that make up life on earth are synthesized on ribosomes and exclusively composed of L- or left-handed amino acids. A primordial RNA minihelix shows preference for L-amino acid over D ...

At an alkaline pH, amino acids exist in both neutral and negatively charged forms, enabling them to shuttle protons in the polymerization reaction that forms RNA from ribonucleoside 2′,3 ...