That's a gauge symmetry: when a symmetry transformation can be separately carried out at different points in space. Gauge symmetries are sometimes called local symmetries since we can do them ...

Quantum gravity requires that any internal gauge symmetry (which implies conservation laws like electric charge, color charge, or weak isospin) is mathematically compact.

Without this critical gauge symmetry associated with electroweak symmetry breaking, existence wouldn't be possible, as we do not have stable, bound states made purely of massless particles.

After H gets an expectation value, breaking the electroweak gauge symmetry, this interaction leads to a neutrino Majorana mass m ν ∼ 〈H〉 2 /M.If global symmetries such as L e, L μ and L τ ...

When did physicists realize how important gauge symmetry was? All of this was discovered after the fact. Maxwell developed his equations of electromagnetism in the 1800s.

Gauge symmetry “dictates what other ingredients you have to introduce.” It’s roughly the same kind of symmetry as the one that tells us that a triangle that’s invariant under 120-degree rotations must ...

Still, after following the complex trail of the mass-giving Higgs boson—from the concept of screening in solid state physics, through the noted 1964 paper by Peter Higgs linking screening to ...

Time translation symmetry: Physical laws do not change with time. Translational symmetry: The laws of physics are the same whether they are acting in our solar system or at the far end of the ...