University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center scientists found that activating fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) ...

Moreover, LDO promoted macrophage polarization from a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to an anti-inflammatory M2 state and downregulated CCL2 expression, thereby mitigating the cytokine storm ...

Figure 1. Major differences in the functions of M1 and M2, types of the cells involved in the inflammatory processes. 3. Critical Characteristics of M1 and M2 Macrophages Characteristics of M1 and M2 ...

Author response: The following is the authors’ response to the original reviews. eLife Assessment The study presents important findings on inositol-requiring enzyme (IRE1α) inhibition on diet-induced ...

The study explored the complex interactions between tumor cells and immune cells, including T cells, M1/M2 macrophages, and their localized impact on the tumor microenvironment, offering insights ...

Finally, macrophage glycogenolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) support cytokine secretion and phagocytosis regardless of the availability of extracellular glucose. Thus, glycogen ...

Background Diversity of macrophage subsets within the joint remains unknown. The concept of macrophage polarisation into M1 inflammatory macrophages and M2 tissue-resolving macrophages, parelled by ...

The different functions of M1 and M2 macrophages are also associated with changes in the metabolic pathways they use to produce ATP. Drs. Galván-Peña and O’Neill discuss the differences in metabolism ...

Since TAMs resemble a subtype of normal macrophages - namely M2 - in their properties as immunosuppressive and therefore pro-tumorigenic immune cells, the scientific team set out to investigate ...

From a biochemical point of view, the metabolism of M1 and M2 activated macrophages were extensively characterized. M1 macrophages metabolism is based on anaerobic glycolysis, truncated tricarboxylic ...