Measuring shells and skeletons encased in thousands of limestone samples has revealed that the sheer amount of living stuff ...

New research from Northern Arizona University points to the idea that, under some conditions, plants can "curate" their ...

The dikkop bird guards Nile crocodile nests, and in exchange, the crocodile protects the bird’s eggs. Discover this wild ...

Two life forms living together helped spark the evolution of all complex life. By learning to appreciate this process more ...

Blood vessels grown in the lab in just five days could quickly prevent the tissue damage that can occur after an accident ...

Symbiosis—derived from Greek roots meaning “living together”—encompasses the myriad ways in which species interact and rely on one another in the natural world. These biological relationships are ...

Still, regardless of how oxpeckers have been portrayed, it is evident that their relationship with their host animals is a sight to behold. The red-billed bird rides on the backs of rhinos, cave ...

To the Point Natural growth differences shape cooperation: The study reveals that differences in organisms’ natural growth rates can play a decisive role in sustaining cooperative behavior—independent ...

It explains mutualism through examples like termites and their symbiotic microorganisms, while emphasizing the harmful effects of parasitism through various flatworms, including tapeworms and flukes.

Fig wasp – an overlooked, irreplaceable insect One of the most remarkable examples of mutualism between plants and animals is found in strangler figs and their minuscule but mighty pollinators. A tiny ...

And plant ecology, or the study of relationships among plants, organisms, and their environments, is a huge field. So, let’s start zoomed in, with one-on-one interactions.

“Corals probably experience small wounds, like the ones we used in this study, relatively frequently from fish bites and physical abrasion. These wounds are probably not super detrimental, but they ...