A peaceful transition away from fossil fuels will require new global agreements on how to manage mineral resources in the deep ocean as well as those associated with continents.

We show that although intrusion of magma maintains crustal thickness during the early stages of the continent–ocean transition, ... Main Ethiopian Rift—southern Afar transition zone ...

Geophysicists have long theorized that the mantle transition zone, wedged between the upper and lower mantle at depths of 410 to 660 kilometers, could be a secret vault for Earth’s lost water.

The hotter temperatures of the transition zone likely facilitated an "upwelling" of hot rock from Earth's lower mantle to its upper mantle that actively pushed the plates apart, Agius said.

Plate tectonics has its own version of the circle of life. Outlined by geologist J. Tuzo Wilson, the Wilson Cycle describes the birth and death of the ocean basins that separate continents.

The transition zone (TZ) is the name given to the boundary layer that separates the Earth's upper mantle and the lower mantle.It is located at a depth of 410 to 660 kilometers. The immense ...

In the new study, data from the stations revealed both the upper and lower boundaries of the Pacific plate, dipping down at a 25-degree angle within the mantle transition zone.

If just one percent of the weight of mantle rock located in the transition zone is H 2 O, that would be equivalent to nearly three times the amount of water in our oceans, the researchers said.

Hurricanes are some of nature’s fiercest storms. It takes surprisingly little to make them fizzle out, and Saharan dust is one of the biggest culprits Many of the Atlantic Ocean’s fiercest ...

In contrast, the crust of continents lies under shallow oceans and land. It is highly variable in composition and age. Some can be nearly as old as the solar system itself, about 4.6 billion years.