Ti:Sapphire (Ti:Sa) was initially proposed and demonstrated as a near-infrared gain medium in 1982, and was commercialized by Spectra-Physics in 1988 with the launch of a continuous-wave laser.

He was born in Washington State to Robert and Mildred Hansen where he and Lyn, his younger sister, grew up. His family later ...

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This significant growth is fueled by the increasing demand for high-performance optical communication systems, advancements in spectroscopy applications, and the expansion of data centers.Pune, Oct.