Detection and classification of cosmic particles is essential for many scientific and engineering applications. Currently available heavy ion detectors necessitate an external readout integrated ...

A model for ion-energy deposition in silicon, based on experimental data of the optical energy loss function, is presented. The model yields the characteristics of ion- and electron-interactions in ...

Lewis structures are fundamental to learning chemistry, yet many students struggle to develop a complex understanding of its meaning and uses. Writing-to-Learn supports students in developing a deeper ...

Teaching the VSEPR (valence shell electron-pair repulsion) model can be a tedious process. Traditionally, Lewis structures are drawn and the number of “electron clouds” (groups) around the central ...

The approximate location of the lipid bilayer and ion conduction pore are indicated relative to M4. Images are from a global superposition of the structures. (D) Same representation as (C) comparing ...

In this paper we report the ion exchange reactions and the thermal decomposition of titanium oxide nanotubes, obtained by hydrothermal treatment of TiO2 and NaOH. Based on these results we propose a ...