An American depositary receipt (ADR) is essentially a certificate ... it may do so at a 1:1 ratio, meaning that each ADR share is equivalent to one share of the foreign company’s stock.

How American depositary receipts work. Advantages of American ... says Brock. Even though ADRs mean U.S. investors don't have to deal with converting currencies themselves, the bank issuing ...

An IDR is an instrument denominated in Indian Rupees in the form of a depository receipt created by a Domestic Depository (custodian of securities registered with the Securities and Exchange Board ...