The vast majority of cases of toxic shock syndrome are associated with the exotoxin toxic shock syndrome toxin type-1 (TSST-1), which account for nearly all cases of menstrual women and half of ...

M. tuberculosis, which kills more than 1 million people a year, uses the ESX-4 type VII secretion system to transports its potent exotoxin. Six years ago, Michael Niederweis, Ph.D., described the ...

Exotoxin export from Mtb or similar bacteria face two barriers - first, the toxin protein needs to be transported across the bacteria's cytoplasmic membrane, and then, it needs to be transported ...

A new vaccine has the potential to treat and prevent toxic shock caused by invasive streptococcal disease, which kills more than 160,000 people every year. When ISD occurs, some strains can make ...

The combination of B. thuringiensis with 10 ppm of exotoxin was additive after 3 days postexposure. Antagonism occurred in combinations of B. thuringiensis with 1 and 10 ppm of exotoxin prior to 7 and ...

This is the first report of an environmental reservoir of a bacterial exotoxin gene harbored in an atypical host in the environment. Screening bacterial isolates from the environment via sea ...

A number of findings indicate that the fatal shock syndrome on systemic exposure to staphylococcal enterotoxins is caused mostly by their superantigenicity (33, 34).