Macrophages are immune cells with a split personality: some fight tumors, while others help them grow. In breast cancer, most ...

In a surprising twist on cellular metabolism, scientists have uncovered a noncanonical role of the metabolic enzymePHGDH in ...

Adenosine deaminase 2 (ADA2) plays a critical role in immune regulation, particularly in monocyte differentiation and ...

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center scientists found that activating fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) ...

Moreover, LDO promoted macrophage polarization from a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to an anti-inflammatory M2 state and downregulated CCL2 expression, thereby mitigating the cytokine storm ...

Author response: The following is the authors’ response to the original reviews. eLife Assessment The study presents important findings on inositol-requiring enzyme (IRE1α) inhibition on diet-induced ...

The traditional M1/M2 classification of macrophages faces certain challenges, primarily for the following reasons: 1. Diversity of Macrophages: Macrophages exhibit a high degree of heterogeneity in ...

Figure 1. Major differences in the functions of M1 and M2, types of the cells involved in the inflammatory processes. 3. Critical Characteristics of M1 and M2 Macrophages Characteristics of M1 and M2 ...

The study explored the complex interactions between tumor cells and immune cells, including T cells, M1/M2 macrophages, and their localized impact on the tumor microenvironment, offering insights ...

Finally, macrophage glycogenolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) support cytokine secretion and phagocytosis regardless of the availability of extracellular glucose. Thus, glycogen ...