Introduction Vertebral artery (VA) dissection caused by swinging a golf club is extremely rare, and only a few cases of dissection have been reported. [1–3] Sudden head rotation in swinging a ...

BACKGROUND: In this study, we define the mechanistic association between long noncoding RNA: ENST00000495536 (lnc-536) and transcription factor HOXB13 in mediating proproliferative smooth muscle ...

Background With the introduction of Onyx, transarterial embolization has become the most common endovascular approach to treating dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs), often via the middle meningeal ...

Atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD) is a grave injury that is rarely survivable. Patients who do survive often have long-term sequelae resulting from the intracranial damage sustained during the ...

We report an exceptional case of a large right persistent proatlantal artery (PPPA), defined as a “mixed” type, because it originated as in Type 2 from the external carotid artery and courses as in ...

The mastoid emissary vein is accompanied by a meningeal branch of the occipital artery known as the ramus meningeus arteriae occipitalis, irrigating the cranial dura mater of the posterior cranial ...