In the frozen reaches of the planet—glaciers, mountaintops, and icy groundwater—scientists have uncovered strange ...

We propose a novel low-loss phase-change optical switch using MnTe thin film, which has a smaller absorption coefficient than conventional phase-change materials. The designed phase-change optical ...

A linear LiNbO3 electro-optic (EO) electric field sensor by twisting the input polarization maintaining fiber (PMF) is described and fabricated. The measured intensive electric field waveforms are in ...