The sternocleidomastoid muscle is mobilized and retracted posteriorly. The hypoglossal nerve is completely mobilized from the base of the skull to the anterior border of the hypoglossus muscle.

The accessory nerve provides motor function (movement) to two muscles essential to neck and shoulder movement, the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and the trapezius, as well as to the larynx (voice box) and ...

The small electrodes were applied to the spot of the lateral border of the lower 1/3 of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, where the phrenic nerve runs along the surface of anterior scalene muscle, while ...

Dystonia involves involuntary muscle contractions, but you're not out of options. Discover how botulinum toxin, DBS, and ...

A: Myasthenia gravis, despite its unfamiliar name, isn’t a rare condition. About six people in 100,000 have it. It’s the result of a breakdown in communication between nerves and muscles.

Muscle sympathetic nerve activity is a primary source of cardiovascular control in humans. Traditional analyses smooth away the fine temporal structure of the sympathetic recordings, limiting our ...

Musculoskeletal pain refers to pain that starts in your muscles, bones, joints, tendons, or ligaments. It's very common and can happen at any age. Almost everyone has it at some point in their ...

Calcium plays an essential role in the body. It helps build strong bones and teeth while also supporting the muscles, nerves, and heart. However, too much calcium can lead to problems.

Nerve gliding and flossing exercises are used to enable smooth movement of peripheral nerves. These are the nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body. The exercises ...

Concerning the mechanism of nerve injury, we think, as do other authors, that nerve stretch plays a key part in damage to the femoral nerve, especially in athletes and in patients with “hanging leg ...

The frequency spectra of two commercial electrosurgical generators were examined during stimulated tissue cutting and compared to radio-frequency animal nerve and muscle stimulation curves generated ...