During the 1990s, Hayden Unit 2 started suffering increased boiler water wall tube failures due to hydrogen damage and under deposit corrosion from iron and copper components in the system.

A century-plus of steam-generated power production has shown the importance of water and steam chemistry. Just one boiler tube failure in a conventional unit or heat recovery steam generator (HRSG ...

The manufacturer's water tube boilers contain electronics that take care of many functions, including measuring run-time and keeping track of all alarms and caution statements. Electronic sensors ...

For boilers that produce hot water and steam for industrial activities, the situation can become serious before the scale is even noticed. Cortec® therefore encourages boiler owners and operators not ...

Improved Steam Boiler. ... which is not engrossed by the flue tubes, is used as a " water jacket," and a similar water space exists between the two inner cylinders, ...

Once the boiler drum pressure reaches ~1,100 to 1,500 psig (7.6 to 10.3 MPa), the boiler water temperature is 8F to 48F (4C to 27C) above the temperature at which most of the iron oxides should ...

This is why careful water treatment and oxygen control are critical in steam boiler maintenance. 1. This closeup image shows a failed tube due to oxygen pitting.

Subsection PG-60 in the code requires all water-tube and fire-tube-type boilers to be equipped with at least one gage glass. Further, if the gage glass cannot be seen from the area where control ...

Unusual noises: Loud banging, hissing, or popping sounds coming from the boiler. Rust-colored water: Discolored or rusty water in the system or on the boiler’s exterior. Leaks: Visible water or steam ...